Biography:

Napoleon III or Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte was born on April 20, 1808 in Paris and was the nephew of Napoleon I.  

He was elected president of the French Republic and served from 1848 to 1852.  Because the constitution did not allow him to run for a second term, he carried out a coup d'état in 1851 and successfully seized power.  He became the Emperor of the Second French Empire and reigned until 1870 when he was forced into exile.  He died on January 9, 1873 in England.